The innate immune system serves as the body's first line of defence, rapidly detecting and responding to external pathogens and internal damage. Recent advances in the field have highlighted the ...

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease characterized by the immune-mediated destruction of pancreatic B cells. While autoreactive T cells are key ...

Virus-associated cancers are a significant and persistent global health challenge, providing unique insight into the relationship between chronic infection ...

Secondary infections caused by bacteria or viruses during hospital care remain a long-standing global challenge, despite advances in modern medicine. In particular, mixed bacterial–viral infections in ...

Researchers have observed rapid and distinct immune system changes in a small study of people who switched to a vegan or a ketogenic (also called keto) diet. Scientists closely monitored various ...

Humans are protected by two branches of the immune system. Innate immunity provides built-in defense against widespread characteristics of bacteria and viruses, while adaptive immunity memorizes ...

This article was published in Scientific American’s former blog network and reflects the views of the author, not necessarily those of Scientific American The very first line of defence against any ...

Most companies focus on the adaptive immune system. Why is Bolt going after the innate immune system? The innate system is the first line of defense that the body has. It’s the immediate response to ...

Unlike transient innate immune activation, trained immunity is characterized by long-lasting but reversible functional reprogramming of monocytes, macrophages, natural killer (NK) cells, and ...