Analog circuits today are typically biased from ±5 V to ±18 V. But the trend is toward lower voltages. For this reason, many components are designed to operate primarily in ±5-V systems. One example ...

Electronics textbooks will tell you that a non-inverting opamp normally cannot be regulated down to 0 dB gain. If zero output is needed then it is usual to employ an inverting amplifier and a buffer ...

My hands-on introduction to operational amplifiers was in 1969 while in the army as a junior scientist in the Atmospheric Science Laboratory at the White Sands Proving Grounds. We had taken a ...

Digitally-actuated potentiometers, or digipots, are commercially available from multiple suppliers but not analog-actuated potentiometers, or anapots. The following isolated anapot, or isopot, design ...