Open cooling towers expose process cooling water to the atmosphere, typically as part of a chiller system loop (see Figure 1). These open towers use an efficient, simple, and economical design. All ...

Open-loop current sensors have a definite price advantage over closed-loop counterparts. While you can use them in drive applications where torque accuracy isn't demanding — such as pump and fan ...

Two popular ways of measuring the loop gain T of a negative-feedback circuit are Middlebrook’s double-injection method [1] and Rosenstark’s open-circuit/short ...

Switching power supplies rely on feedback control loops to ensure that the required voltage and current are maintained under varying load conditions. Design of the feedback control loop influences ...

Researchers have built AI systems capable of steering targeted brain circuits in real time, moving neuroscience closer to ...

Data centers rely heavily on the capability and optimal performance of heat rejection equipment being utilized to function efficiently. When conserving water is a primary goal, careful attention must ...